托福雅思长句解析

解析托福雅思中的长句，关键在于识别句子的主干和修饰成分，理解句子的层次结构。以下是一些长句的解析示例：

Chapter seven tackles the ‘bedrock myth’, the assumption that the absence of bedrock close to the surface between Downtown and Midtown New York is the reason for skyscrapers not being built between the two urban centers.

主干：Chapter seven tackles the ‘bedrock myth’

同位语：the assumption that the absence of bedrock close to the surface between Downtown and Midtown New York is the reason for skyscrapers not being built between the two urban centers.

解析：这句话的主干是“Chapter seven tackles the ‘bedrock myth’”，接下来以同位语和修饰语进一步解释了这一“神话”。解释时，句子中提到的“absence of bedrock”是造成摩天大楼未能在两市中心之间建设的原因。

Opposite, in narrow, horizontal trays packed not with soil but with coconut fibre, grow cherry tomatoes, shiny aubergines and brightly coloured chards.

主干：

Cherry tomatoes, shiny aubergines and brightly coloured chards grow

倒装：Opposite, in narrow, horizontal trays packed not with soil but with coconut fibre

解析：本句话中存在倒装现象!本句话的主干为：Cherry tomatoes, shiny aubergines and brightly coloured chards grow opposite in narrow, horizontal trays packed not with soil but with coconut fibre. 这句话只要能看到这个实际的句子结构，理解就不会有太大偏差，否则严重影响理解。

Produce grown using this soil-free method, on the other hand - which relies solely on a small quantity of water, enriched with organic nutrients, pumped around a closed circuit of pipes, towers and trays - is 'produced up here, and sold locally, just down there.'

主干：

Produce is produced up here, and sold locally, just down there.

后置定语