定语从句关系副词的语法规则与应用
在我国英语教学中，定语从句是语法教学的重要组成部分。定语从句关系副词作为定语从句的引导词，在句子中起到连接主句和从句的作用，对从句的修饰和限定具有重要意义。本文将从定语从句关系副词的语法规则和应用两个方面进行探讨。
一、定语从句关系副词的语法规则
- 关系副词的种类
定语从句关系副词主要包括when、where、why、how等。它们分别表示时间、地点、原因和程度等概念。
（1）when：表示时间，引导时间状语从句。
例：The day when he left was a sad one.
他离开的那天是个悲伤的日子。
（2）where：表示地点，引导地点状语从句。
例：This is the place where I was born.
这就是我出生的地方。
（3）why：表示原因，引导原因状语从句。
例：She was absent because she was ill, which was why she couldn't attend the meeting.
她缺席是因为她生病了，这就是她不能参加会议的原因。
（4）how：表示程度，引导程度状语从句。
例：She is as tall as her mother, how tall her mother is!
她和她妈妈一样高，她妈妈有多高？
- 关系副词的用法
（1）关系副词在从句中作状语，表示时间、地点、原因和程度等概念。
（2）关系副词在从句中不能省略，否则会使句子意思不完整。
（3）关系副词在从句中不能有替代词，如：where不能用in which代替。
二、定语从句关系副词的应用
- 时间状语从句
时间状语从句由关系副词when引导，表示时间概念。
例：I will never forget the day when I met you.
我永远不会忘记遇见你的那一天。
- 地点状语从句
地点状语从句由关系副词where引导，表示地点概念。
例：This is the house where I grew up.
这是我长大的房子。
- 原因状语从句
原因状语从句由关系副词why引导，表示原因概念。
例：She cried because she was hurt, which was why she couldn't go to school.
她哭了，因为她受伤了，这就是她不能去学校的原因。
- 程度状语从句
程度状语从句由关系副词how引导，表示程度概念。
例：She is as tall as her mother, how tall her mother is!
她和她妈妈一样高，她妈妈有多高？
三、定语从句关系副词的练习
- 完成下列句子，选择合适的关系副词。
（1）I still remember _______ I first met him.
A. when B. where C. why D. how
（2）This is the place _______ I was born.
A. when B. where C. why D. how
（3）She was absent because she was ill, _______ she couldn't attend the meeting.
A. which B. that C. why D. how
（4）She is as tall as her mother, _______ tall her mother is!
A. when B. where C. why D. how
答案：A B C D
- 改写下列句子，将关系副词改为关系代词。
（1）The day when he left was a sad one.
（2）This is the place where I was born.
（3）She was absent because she was ill, which was why she couldn't attend the meeting.
（4）She is as tall as her mother, how tall her mother is!
答案：
（1）The day on which he left was a sad one.
（2）This is the place in which I was born.
（3）She was absent because she was ill, the reason why she couldn't attend the meeting.
（4）She is as tall as her mother, as tall as her mother is.
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